Acute prostatitis is the most common disease in men. It is most commonly diagnosed between the ages of 30 and 50 in almost 60% of the male population.
In the acute form of prostatitis, an inflammatory process develops in the prostate gland. For the treatment of this stage of the disease are used several groups of drugs, prostate massage, physiotherapy. The most important thing in treatment is to prevent the pathology from turning into a chronic form.
Acute prostatitis in men and the reasons for its development
Acute prostatitis is the development of an inflammatory process in the prostate gland, caused by the penetration of infection.
The disease is accompanied by swelling and suffocation in the prostate tissue.
This is the most common disease in men, which is associated with disorders of sexual function and fertility, disorders of psycho-emotional state, as well as social maladaptation.
Forms of acute prostatitis
The development of acute prostatitis goes through 4 stages, which are simultaneously its forms:
- catarrhal;
- follicular;
- parenchymal;
- abscess.
The disease begins with the development of catarrhal inflammation, causing changes in the mucous and submucosal layer of the excretory ducts of the gland. Edema of the duct walls provokes stagnation of mucopurulent secretions in the prostate follicles. The inflammatory process begins to progress, causing focal suffocation of the lobules of the prostate gland. Acute follicular prostatitis is formed.
Multiple damage to the glandular lobules, a structural change in the prostate tissue and the development of a purulent-inflammatory process in them leads to the next stage of the disease - parenchymal.
When many foci of inflammation coalesce into one large, an abscess of the prostate gland forms. There is the possibility of its opening into the urethra, perineum, rectum or bladder cavity.
Causes of disease development
The following factors can cause acute prostate in men:
- Infectious processes in the genitourinary system. Infectious agents (gram-negative and gram-positive) can penetrate prostate tissue: Escherichia coli, Proteus, staphylococci, streptococci. In many cases, the acute form of the disease can be caused by urogenital infections, such as: ureoplasmosis, chlamydia, mycoplasmosis, gonorrhea, candidiasis, etc.
- Infectious processes entering the urethra through the urethra. Germs can enter prostate tissue through the excretory ducts of the prostate gland that open into the urethra. This is why any type of inflammation of the bladder is associated with acute prostate in men.
- Infectious processes that enter the gland through the blood. Penetration of the infection into the prostate through the blood supply system is due to its widely developed system of arterial and venous junction. The microbes in this case are transmitted through the circulatory system from distant foci of purulent inflammation to diseases such as: tonsillitis, caries, sinusitis, bronchitis, cholecystitis and others.
- Sedentary lifestyle. As a result of low motor activity, stagnation of prostate gland fluid is formed. This is facilitated by: long-term computer work, infrequent walks in the fresh air, smoking and drinking alcoholic beverages, infrequent sex, refusal of active rest.
- Hypothermia. Long-term exposure to cold in the genitourinary system causes disturbances in the blood supply, which also leads to stagnation of the prostate, which provokes the appearance of acute prostatitis.
- Injuries to the pelvic organs and prostate gland. When an injury is received, the release of prostate gland secretion is difficult, which leads to the development of an inflammatory process, which then causes acute prostate.
- Medical procedures. An acute form of prostatitis can develop as a result of chemotherapy or radiation therapy, as well as after medical examinations through the urethra.
Symptoms
The clinical picture in acute prostatitis is characterized by the presence of the following signs:
- Difficulty urinating
- feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder;
- the appearance of a frequent urge to urinate;
- itching and burning;
- dull pain in the head of the penis, radiating to the anus (with the development of pathology, the pain will become chronic);
- pain during the act of defecation;
- increase in body temperature (from 37 to 40 degrees - depending on the stage of development of the disease);
- decreased sexual desire;
- erection problems;
- the content of traces of pus and blood in the urine;
- deterioration of general well-being.
Treatment
Acute prostatitis, unlike the chronic form of the disease, responds well to therapy. Serious complications are very rare.
The most important task of drug treatment is to free the patient from pain syndrome and the causative agent of the pathology, to restore the normal process of urination.
Drugs used in the medical treatment of acute prostatitis:
- AntibioticsThe main group of drugs in the treatment of acute prostatitis. To choose an antibiotic, the doctor must accurately determine the causative agent of the disease. Most often, a combination of antibiotics is prescribed when one drug is taken in one course, after which it is replaced with another. This approach minimizes the development of re-inflammation and prevents the transition from an acute to a chronic form of the disease. Antibiotics-fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, penicillins are used successfully.
- Diuretics Diuretics are prescribed to facilitate the urination process and reduce stress. Diuretics promote regular and volumetric urination. Herbal medicines and diuretics are used.
- Antipyretic. They are used to lower body temperature, to eliminate pain in the joints and head.
- Antispasmodics. Medications that relax smooth muscles relieve spasms. Also, drugs of this group relieve pain and help facilitate urination.
- Alpha blockers. Medications that relieve spasms well, stimulate and facilitate the removal of urine from the patient.
After removing the main symptoms of the disease, prostate massage and physiotherapy procedures may be additionally prescribed.
After recovery, you need to lead a healthy lifestyle.
Properly chosen treatment and adherence to all doctor's prescriptions will eliminate acute prostatitis and prevent it from becoming chronic.